CT or CAT scanning is advanced radiological imaging that uses an x-ray beam that rotates around the patient to capture pictures inside the body. CT images are useful in studies of internal organs because they can separate overlapping structures precisely, producing cross-sectional images of all parts of the body. CT is most used for studies of the head, spine, abdomen, pelvis and chest. The CT scanner also is useful in determining the size and volume of tumors and other masses. This is especially helpful for cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy or surgery.
The CT procedure is fast and painless (although some patients experience a warm sensation if their study includes a contrast agent). Patients lie down on a padded table which slowly enters the doughnut-shaped ring of the scanner. X-rays pass through the body and are detected by electronic sensors. Information from these sensors is digitally processed and displayed as an image on a computer monitor. Film copies of these images may be made for later study.
A contrast material, sometimes called "dye," may be administered to outline blood vessels or enhance organ images. If a contrast material is used, it will be injected or introduced through an intravenous (IV) bottle into a vein, usually the arm.
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